{"id":120164,"date":"2025-06-06T15:20:40","date_gmt":"2025-06-06T12:20:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bizevdeyokuz.com\/?p=120164"},"modified":"2025-06-15T12:49:40","modified_gmt":"2025-06-15T09:49:40","slug":"kibris-sorunu-kibris-baris-harekati-kktc-bugun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bizevdeyokuz.com\/kibris-sorunu\/","title":{"rendered":"KIBRIS SORUNU: KIBRIS BARI\u015e HAREKATI, KKTC & BUG\u00dcN"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcm diplomatik problemler gibi, K\u0131br\u0131s sorunu da sadece bir adan\u0131n ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ibaret olmayan, farkl\u0131 kesimlerce farkl\u0131 yorumlanan karma\u015f\u0131k ve \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda s\u00fcreci KKTC<\/a> ziyaretimiz esnas\u0131nda bize anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekliyle sizlere aktar\u0131yoruz. E\u011fer sizin ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcz ya da an\u0131n\u0131z varsa l\u00fctfen yorumlarda payla\u015farak daha geni\u015f bir a\u00e7\u0131dan bakmam\u0131za katk\u0131da bulunun.<\/p>\n

Yak\u0131n Tarihimizde K\u0131br\u0131s ve T\u00fcrk-Rum K\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Tansiyon<\/h2>\n

300 Y\u0131ll\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 Y\u00f6netiminin \u0130ngilizlere Ge\u00e7mesi<\/h3>\n

Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019taki T\u00fcrk ve Rum k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki tansiyonu anlayabilmek i\u00e7in tarihte biraz geriye gitmek gerekiyor. K\u0131br\u0131s 1570\u2019ten 1878\u2019e kadar ortalama 300 y\u0131l Osmanl\u0131 hakimiyetinde kalan bir ada. 1878\u2019de ise Rusya tehdidi ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye \u201ckiralan\u0131yor\u201d veya bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine y\u00f6netimi devrediliyor. Ancak i\u015fler \u00f6yle ilerlemiyor; \u0130ngiltere 5 Kas\u0131m 1914\u2019te K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131 resmen ilhak etti\u011fini d\u00fcnyaya duyurduktan sonra buradaki Osmanl\u0131 hakimiyeti resmen bitiyor. Aradan bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7tikten sonra hem \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin egemenli\u011finin zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem de II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketlerinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem var. \u0130\u015fte tam da o s\u0131ralarda adaya kaos ve kin dolu d\u00f6nemin tohumlar\u0131 ekiliyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar\u0131n Yunanistan \u0130le Birle\u015fme \u0130deolojisi: Enosis<\/h3>\n

“Enosis” (E\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2) kavram\u0131n\u0131 tarihe merakl\u0131ysan\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f veya anne-babalar\u0131n\u0131zdan o d\u00f6nemleri konu\u015furken duymu\u015f olabilirsiniz. Kendisi Yunanca\u2019da “birlik” demek. K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n Yunanistan ile birle\u015fme idealinin slogan\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde Enosis bir ideoloji olarak sokaklarda yay\u0131l\u0131yor, Rumlar\u0131n zihinlerinde b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. \u0130deolojiyi somutla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in 1951 y\u0131l\u0131nda, kom\u00fcnist AKEL ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 EOKA \u00f6rg\u00fctleri kuruluyor. Eklemek gerekir ki, EOKA\u2019n\u0131n kurucusu ve lideri Yeoryos Grivas K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n tarihini okurken s\u0131k s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kacak bir isim. Kendisi bombalarla, sald\u0131r\u0131larla \u0130ngilizleri korkutup adadan ka\u00e7\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in Yunanistan\u2019dan silah yard\u0131m\u0131 al\u0131yor ve faaliyetlerine ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Yani sonraki y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrklere sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme oturacak olan bu ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri asl\u0131nda \u0130ngilizleri adadan g\u00f6ndermek amac\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f. Fakat \u0130ngilizlerin bu duruma verdi\u011fi tepki Grivas\u2019\u0131n bekledi\u011finden daha farkl\u0131. Tarihte, farkl\u0131 k\u0131talarda s\u0131k s\u0131k kulland\u0131klar\u0131 bir taktik: \u201cB\u00f6l ve Y\u00f6net.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130ngilizlerin \u201cB\u00f6l ve Y\u00f6net\u201d Stratejisi T\u00fcrk – Rum Gerilimini Ate\u015fliyor<\/h3>\n

\u0130ngilizler kendi polis kadrolar\u0131ndaki bo\u015flu\u011fu adadaki T\u00fcrklerle doldurmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Bu hamleyle Rumlar\u0131n odak noktas\u0131 art\u0131k \u0130ngilizler de\u011fil, T\u00fcrkler oluyor. T\u00fcrk- Rum k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki tansiyonun bu noktada \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliyoruz. 1955\u2019te Londra\u2019da bir konferans d\u00fczenleniyor. Burada ne Rumlar T\u00fcrkleri K\u0131br\u0131s i\u00e7in bir taraf olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ne de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131s gibi bir sorunu var.\u00a0 \u0130ngiltere ise do\u011fal olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi destekliyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Rumlar\u0131 desteklemesi onun adada art\u0131k olmamas\u0131 demek.<\/p>\n

K\u0131br\u0131s Geriliminin T\u00fcrkiye’ye S\u0131\u00e7ramas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Zamanla T\u00fcrklere yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar art\u0131nca bu sefer T\u00fcrkler de \u00f6rg\u00fctleniyor, adaya Anadolu\u2019dan silah sevkiyatlar\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131yor. H\u00fcrriyet Gazetesi’nin \u201cK\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fcr, T\u00fcrk Kalacak” ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 atmas\u0131yla K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019taki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve katliamlar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bilinir hale gelmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor. \u201cYa Taksim Ya \u00d6l\u00fcm\u201d de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde halk aras\u0131nda en \u00e7ok tekrar edilen sloganlar aras\u0131nda. Dedi\u011fimiz gibi bunun \u00f6ncesinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131s’la bir m\u00fcnasebeti yok, K\u0131br\u0131s \u0130ngilizlerin hakimiyetindeki bir ada olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Elbette bu mesafeli duru\u015ftan, \u201cYa Taksim Ya \u00d6l\u00fcm\u201d haline gelinmesinin de bir sebebi olmal\u0131. D\u00f6nemin K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Kurumlar\u0131 Federasyon Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Rauf Denkta\u015f bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yle diyor; \u201cOnlar \u2018K\u0131br\u0131s Yunan\u2019\u0131nd\u0131r\u2019 iddias\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu s\u00fcrece bizimki de \u2018K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fcr\u2019 olmal\u0131yd\u0131 ki, eninde sonunda ortada bulu\u015fabilelim.\u201d Belirli bir s\u00fcre m\u00fczakerelerle ge\u00e7iyor. 1958\u2019de Yunanistan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019e ba\u015fvurarak K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n kendi kaderini tayinini istiyor. Beklentisi adan\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun Rum oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle K\u0131br\u0131s’\u0131n Yunanistan\u2019la birle\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7\u0131p Enosis\u2019i sa\u011flamak.<\/p>\n

K\u0131br\u0131s \u0130ki Toplumlu Federe Bir Devlet Oluyor<\/h3>\n

\u0130ngiltere ve ABD\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yan\u0131nda durmas\u0131na ek olarak T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu ve Yunan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Evangelos Averoff\u2019un \u00e7abalar\u0131yla iki toplumlu federe bir devlet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin temelleri at\u0131l\u0131yor. Adan\u0131n ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n hem Enosis\u2019in \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden hem de K\u0131br\u0131s Ortodoks Kilisesi ba\u015fpiskoposu Makarios, ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da Rauf Denkta\u015f oldu\u011fu bir federasyon d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi… Hem Yunan hem de T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131 bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede anla\u015f\u0131yor asl\u0131nda. Bu uzla\u015fma, 1960 Z\u00fcrih ve Londra Anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturuyor olu\u015fturmas\u0131na ama maalesef imza i\u00e7in Londra\u2019da masaya oturuldu\u011funda Makarios itiraz ediyor. D\u00f6nemin Yunanistan ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Konstandinos Karamanlis \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm istedi\u011fi i\u00e7in zorla da olsa Makarios imzay\u0131 atmak durumunda kal\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece 16 A\u011fustos 1960\u2019da K\u0131br\u0131s iki toplum taraf\u0131ndan imzalanan anayasayla resmen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet oluyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar\u0131n Diplomatik \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm S\u00fcrecini Terk Edip Silaha Sar\u0131nmas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Bu anayasa her iki devlete de e\u015fit haklar\u0131 tan\u0131yan, bir milletin di\u011fer milleti y\u00f6netmesine izin vermeyen bir anayasa oluyor. Hem bu anayasay\u0131 hem de Grivas\u2019\u0131n Yunanistan\u2019a geri d\u00f6nmesinin hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131layan Rum kesmi “Akritas Plan\u0131” denen plan\u0131 devreye sokuyor. Akritas Plan\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131saca adadaki K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrklerinin etkisini azaltarak K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131 Yunanistan\u2019la birle\u015ftirmeyi hedefleyen plan diyebiliriz. Temelinde yine Enosis d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi yat\u0131yor. Bu noktadan sonra kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 T\u00fcrklere zul\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Kanl\u0131 Noel ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckkaymakl\u0131 Katliam\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere mahallelere, kahvehanelere ve okullara d\u00fczenlenen sald\u0131r\u0131larla \u00f6l\u00fc ve yaral\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne art\u0131yor. Art\u0131k bu noktada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin m\u00fcdahalesi devrede. \u0130lk ba\u015fta g\u00f6zda\u011f\u0131 vermek i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 hava u\u00e7u\u015fu, ard\u0131ndan \u015fiddeti artan askeri m\u00fcdahaleler…<\/p>\n

Kanl\u0131 Noel: K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar ile T\u00fcrkler Aras\u0131ndaki Gerilimin Etnik \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmaya D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Trajik D\u00f6n\u00fcm Noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Daha \u00f6nce de bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi Akritas Plan\u0131, Rumlar\u0131n Enosis idealini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in uygulamaya soktuklar\u0131 bir plan. Ama\u00e7 adadaki T\u00fcrkleri zay\u0131flatmak, yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda adadan silmek ve kontrol\u00fc sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131 Yunanistan\u2019a ba\u011flamakt\u0131. Kanl\u0131 Noel de ad\u0131 gibi bu plan\u0131n en ac\u0131l\u0131 ve zalim \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak bilinir. K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta iki toplum aras\u0131ndaki travmatik ili\u015fkinin d\u00fczeltilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlarda bile zihinlerde canlanan kanl\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmalar toplamda d\u00f6rt g\u00fcn d\u00f6rt gece s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ise 21 Aral\u0131k 1963\u2019te yani Noel gecesine yak\u0131n EOKA\u2019c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk alay\u0131n\u0131n doktoru Nihat \u0130lhan\u2019\u0131n evinin bas\u0131lmas\u0131yla oluyor. Yazmas\u0131 zor,\u00a0 Kanl\u0131 Noel\u2019in K\u00fcvet Katliam\u0131 olarak an\u0131lmas\u0131 da bu evinin k\u00fcvetinde ailenin Nihat Bey’in e\u015finin ve 3 \u00e7ocu\u011funun katledilmesine dayan\u0131yor. K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrkleri bu sald\u0131r\u0131lara haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z yakalan\u0131yor, tek yapabildikleri o an T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den bir destek g\u00f6rmek.<\/p>\n

Bu esnada EOKA sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na Nikos Sampson \u00f6nderli\u011finde T\u00fcrklerin fazlaca oldu\u011fu ve T\u00fcrk Mukavemet Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da merkezi olan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaymakl\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcnde devam ediyor. Buradaki sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve \u00f6l\u00fcmler sebebiyle Nikos Sampson\u2019a K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaymakl\u0131’n\u0131n Kasab\u0131\u201d lakab\u0131 da konuyor. Akabinde sald\u0131r\u0131lar k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede Lefko\u015fa ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm adaya yay\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, Garant\u00f6r \u00dclke Olarak M\u00fcdahale Etmeyi Ciddi \u015eekilde D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnse De, \u00d6nce Diplomatik Yollarla Olaylar So\u011futulmaya \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131<\/h3>\n

Ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sessiz kalaca\u011f\u0131 bir noktada de\u011fil, di\u011fer garant\u00f6r \u00fclkelerle ileti\u015fim kurulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor fakat ortada ne bir ses var ne de bir seda. Bu noktada T\u00fcrkiye siyasetinin ba\u015f\u0131nda \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn oldu\u011funu da belirtelim. G\u00f6z korkutmak ve \u2018buraday\u0131z\u2019 mesaj\u0131 verebilmek i\u00e7in K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a iki tane u\u00e7ak yolland\u0131ktan hemen sonra Makarios ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019den toplant\u0131 talebi geliyor. Toplant\u0131dan sonra ilk ate\u015fkes anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalan\u0131p \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclkenin askerlerinden olu\u015fan bir bar\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc olu\u015fturuluyor. \u201cYe\u015fil hat\u201d bu noktada K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n tarihine giren bir uygulama. Lefko\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 ikiye ay\u0131ran hatt\u0131n ad\u0131. \u0130ngiliz general Peter Young taraf\u0131ndan harita \u00fczerine ye\u015fil bir kalemle \u00e7izildi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu ad\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f. Bu hatt\u0131n \u00e7izilmesinden sonra kantonlar olu\u015fturuluyor ve T\u00fcrkler ye\u015fil hatt\u0131n \u00f6tesine g\u00f6\u00e7 ediyor. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7ler devam ettik\u00e7e de K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n iki kimlikli problemli ili\u015fkisi derinle\u015fiyor da derinle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

“Ay\u015fe Tatile \u00c7\u0131ks\u0131n” \u0130le Ba\u015flayan K\u0131br\u0131s Bar\u0131\u015f Harekat\u0131 Ve Sonras\u0131<\/h2>\n

EOKA’n\u0131n \u0130yice Radikalle\u015fmesi<\/h3>\n

Kanl\u0131 Noel\u2019den K\u0131br\u0131s Bar\u0131\u015f Harekat\u0131\u2019na uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7 m\u00fcdahale tehditleri, iki toplumun aras\u0131nda artan \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131 ve istikrars\u0131z d\u00f6nemlerle dolu. Fakat i\u015flerin patlak verdi\u011fi nokta K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta 15 Temmuz 1974\u2019te ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir darbe. Makarios, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckkaymakl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f akt\u00f6r\u00fc Nikos Sampson ve destek\u00e7ileri taraf\u0131ndan indiriliyor. \u201cE bunlar\u0131n ikisi de EOKA\u2019c\u0131 neden birbirlerini indiriyorlar?\u201d diye sorarsan\u0131z, burada kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan yeni bir kavram var; EOKA B. EOKA hat\u0131rlarsan\u0131z K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019tan \u0130ngilizleri kovmak ve bu \u015fekilde Yunanistan\u2019a ba\u011flanmak \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftu ve Makarios da \u00f6nde gelen liderlerindendi. Fakat zamanla kendi i\u00e7lerinde Makarios\u2019un bu ideale paralel davranmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yeterince hizmet etmedi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. EOKA\u2019c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan K\u0131br\u0131s’\u0131n federal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131-ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 reddeden ve tamamen Yunanistan\u2019a ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen EOKA-B kuruluyor. K\u0131saca yeni EOKA B eski EOKA\u2019y\u0131 deviriyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye 1960 Garanti Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na Dayanarak M\u00fcdahale Karar\u0131 Al\u0131r<\/h3>\n

Bu darbe T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in fazlas\u0131yla tehditkar \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015f art\u0131k, Kanl\u0131 Noel olaylar\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019taki T\u00fcrk toplumunu kaybetmeye kadar gitmesi demek. Amerika ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen hemen o gece d\u00fczenlenen bir MGK toplant\u0131s\u0131nda K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a askeri bir m\u00fcdahale yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar veriliyor. T\u00fcrkiye bu karar\u0131 hem garant\u00f6r \u00fclke olmas\u0131na hem de 1960 Garanti Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 4. maddesine dayanarak al\u0131yor. Madde diyor ki \u201cMevcut Antla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin ihlali halinde, Yunanistan, T\u00fcrkiye ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gerekli beyanlar veya \u00f6nlemler konusunda birlikte isti\u015fare etmeyi taahh\u00fct ederler. Ortak veya uyumlu bir eylem m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, \u00fc\u00e7 garanti eden g\u00fc\u00e7ten her biri, mevcut antla\u015fma ile yarat\u0131lan durumu yeniden tesis etme amac\u0131yla eylemde bulunma hakk\u0131n\u0131 sakl\u0131 tutar.\u201d<\/p>\n

Denizden Girne\u2019ye \u00c7\u0131kartma, Havadan Lefko\u015fa\u2019ya \u0130ndirme<\/h3>\n

Ordunun haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z olmas\u0131, olas\u0131 bir sava\u015f ihtimali ve ambargolara ra\u011fmen 20 Temmuz 1974\u2019\u00fcn sabah saatlerinde T\u00fcrk askerleri havadan para\u015f\u00fctle K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a iniyor. Bu karar al\u0131nmas\u0131nda etkili olan T\u00fcrk siyasiler i\u00e7in de bir parantez a\u00e7al\u0131m. O d\u00f6nem cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Fahri Korut\u00fcrk, ba\u015fbakan B\u00fclent Ecevit ve ba\u015fbakan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Necmettin Erbakan. Denizden Girne\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131kartma, havadan Lefko\u015fa\u2019ya indirme yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Fakat hem Rumlar\u0131n verdi\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k hem Be\u015fparmak Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki zorluk hem de Amerika ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin diplomasi \u00f6nerileriyle harekat\u0131n ilk k\u0131sm\u0131 birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde sonland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Ate\u015fkes ilan ediliyor. 1. Cenevre Konferans\u0131’nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elindeki tek kazan\u00e7 K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019taki T\u00fcrk toplumunun di\u011ferleri taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nmas\u0131. Bir hafta sonra 2. Cenevre Konferans\u0131 da d\u00fczenleniyor. Bu sefer T\u00fcrk ve Rum liderler de konferansta fakat durum i\u00e7in art\u0131k en uygun s\u00f6z \u201cayn\u0131 tas ayn\u0131 hamam\u201d. Hi\u00e7bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretilmedi\u011fini g\u00f6ren T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Turan G\u00fcne\u015f B\u00fclent Ecevit\u2019i arayarak ona harekat\u0131n en sembolik s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc f\u0131s\u0131ld\u0131yor: \u201cAy\u015fe Tatile \u00c7\u0131ks\u0131n.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cAy\u015fe Tatile \u00c7\u0131ks\u0131n\u201d<\/h3>\n

Ay\u015fe, Turan G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in ODT\u00dc\u2019de okuyan 19 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131z\u0131. Kendisinin \u00fcniversitedeki son s\u0131navlar\u0131 bitmi\u015f ve tatil planlar\u0131 yap\u0131yor. Bu esnada Turan G\u00fcne\u015f de bak\u0131yor ki ortal\u0131k kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ve olaylar daha da hiddetlenecek, Ay\u015fe\u2019yi tan\u0131d\u0131k birileri varsa onlarla birlikte tatile g\u00f6ndereyim ki g\u00fcvende olsun diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. En son bu konuyu konu\u015fmu\u015flar. Ard\u0131ndan B\u00fclent Ecevit ve Turan G\u00fcne\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyorlar. Bu konferans\u0131n bir yere varmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve ikinci harekat\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu konusunda hemfikirler. Fakat ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerin kendilerini dinlediklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp harekat\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in gizli bir parola olu\u015fturmaya karar veriyorlar. Turan G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in de akl\u0131na k\u0131z\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en son konu\u015fma geliyor. En sonunda parola \u201cAy\u015fe Tatile \u00c7\u0131ks\u0131n\u201d olup \u00e7\u0131k\u0131veriyor.<\/p>\n

Sonras\u0131nda Ya\u015fananlar<\/h3>\n

14 A\u011fustos 1974\u2019te ba\u015flayan K\u0131br\u0131s Bar\u0131\u015f Harekat\u0131’n\u0131n ikinci k\u0131sm\u0131ndan sonra ya\u015fananlar aras\u0131nda adan\u0131n fiilen kuzey ve g\u00fcney olarak ayr\u0131lmas\u0131, iki millet aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan n\u00fcfus de\u011fi\u015fimi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yap\u0131lan ambargolar var. Daha pek \u00e7ok olay ya\u015fan\u0131yor tabii fakat k\u0131saca \u00f6zetlemeye kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda K\u0131br\u0131s Bar\u0131\u015f Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hem T\u00fcrkiye hem Yunanistan hem de Do\u011fu Akdeniz i\u00e7in \u00f6nem arz eden ve dengeleri de\u011fi\u015ftiren bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliyoruz.<\/p>\n

KKTC ve G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s<\/h3>\n

1974\u2019te Yunanistan\u2019la birle\u015fmek istemesi ve sonras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin askeri m\u00fcdahalesi ile ada ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcyor: T\u00fcrklerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuzey k\u0131sm\u0131 ve Rum a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olan g\u00fcney k\u0131sm\u0131. KKTC k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131yan bir \u00fclke yok, hukuken K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 ve siyasi \u00e7eki\u015fmeler ard\u0131 ard\u0131na devam ediyor. T\u00fcm seyahatinizde asl\u0131nda i\u00e7 i\u00e7e bir adada iki taraf\u0131 ay\u0131ran kap\u0131lar g\u00f6rmek garip oluyor. KKTC vatanda\u015flar\u0131 kap\u0131dan rahatl\u0131kla ge\u00e7ebiliyorlar ama G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s kimli\u011fi olmayanlar veya sonradan vatanda\u015fl\u0131k alm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrkler G\u00fcney Rum kesimine ge\u00e7emiyor. G\u00fcneyden biri kuzeye al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fe ge\u00e7ebiliyor mesela, burada s\u0131n\u0131r denen \u015fey sahiden \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclesi.<\/p>\n

Ye\u015fil Hat<\/h3>\n

Bar\u0131\u015f Harekat\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnen Lefko\u015fa’da, ince bir duvarla ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir soka\u011fa denk gelebiliyorsunuz. Bir ev KKTC yan evi G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s. \u015eehir iki taraf\u0131n da ba\u015fkenti. T\u00fcm aday\u0131 b\u00f6len ve BM askerlerince korunan ye\u015fil hat Lefko\u015fa’dan da ge\u00e7iyor. Bu hat kimi yerlerde \u00f6zellikle de \u015fehir i\u00e7inde 3 metreye kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Ye\u015fil hatta denk gelen ne varsa bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Lefko\u015fa’n\u0131n havaliman\u0131 da bu hatta denk gelip kaderine terk edilmi\u015f, zaman\u0131nda be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 olan bir otel de. \u015eehir i\u00e7inde Lefko\u015fa’da bir s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131s\u0131 var. Schengen vizeniz olsa da buradan ge\u00e7emiyorsunuz.<\/p>\n

Annan Plan\u0131 ve Sonras\u0131<\/h2>\n

Annan Plan\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnde K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne bir son vermek amac\u0131yla Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in o y\u0131llardaki Genel Sekreteri Kofi Annan taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir plan. Ama\u00e7 K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Devleti ile K\u0131br\u0131s Tu\u0308rk Devleti olarak iki kurucu devletten olu\u015fan Birle\u015fik K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyeti (United Cyprus Republic) ad\u0131nda yeni bir federal devletin kurulmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130svi\u00e7re tipi bir federasyon modelinden olu\u015fan ve toplam be\u015f kez revizyona u\u011frayan bu plan\u0131n anayasal zemini biraz incelendi\u011finde hem K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Devleti\u2019nin hem de K\u0131br\u0131s Tu\u0308rk Devleti’nin es\u0327it yetkilere sahip oldug\u0306u g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. E\u015fit say\u0131da temsilciden olu\u015fan bir Senato ve Temsilciler Meclisine ek olarak, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Konseyi ile y\u00f6netilmesi hedeflenmi\u015f. Zamana yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f a\u015famal\u0131 bir toprak d\u00fczenlemesi, m\u00fclkiyetle ilgili kararlar\u0131 verecek \u00f6zel bir komisyonun kurulmas\u0131 ve kurulacak olan federal cumhuriyetin AB \u00fcyesi olarak tam \u00fcyeli\u011fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 da hedeflenen idealler aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Bu planlar\u0131n uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in bir referandum yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar veriliyor ve bu referandum da K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n hem Rum hem de T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131nda e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak 24 Nisan 2004\u2019te yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Yap\u0131l\u0131yor yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ama iki taraf aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda neredeyse bir u\u00e7urum var. K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrkleri, Birle\u015fik K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyeti ad\u0131ndaki yeni federal devletin kurulmas\u0131na %65 oran\u0131nda \u201cevet\u201d derken, K\u0131br\u0131s Rumlar\u0131 %75 oran\u0131nda \u201chay\u0131r\u201d diyor. B\u00f6ylece K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 hedefleyen Annan Plan\u0131, K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrkleri taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilirken K\u0131br\u0131s Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n hay\u0131r demesi \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giremiyor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi Komisyonu, Annan Plan\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131n\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir f\u0131rsat\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. O d\u00f6nem Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n bu plana yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in AB ve BM taraf\u0131ndan vaatler veriliyor ve deyim yerindeyse \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilmeye lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Fakat y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde ya\u015fananlar olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 ilerliyor. G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s AB\u2019ye al\u0131n\u0131rken Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s, verilen s\u00f6zlerin aksine, ambargolar ve izolasyon politikas\u0131yla ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcm diplomatik problemler gibi, K\u0131br\u0131s sorunu da sadece bir adan\u0131n ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ibaret olmayan, farkl\u0131 kesimlerce farkl\u0131 yorumlanan karma\u015f\u0131k ve \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda s\u00fcreci KKTC ziyaretimiz esnas\u0131nda bize anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekiliyle sizlere aktar\u0131yoruz. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":107677,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6644],"tags":[6655,6396],"class_list":["post-120164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kktc","tag-kibris","tag-tarih"],"yoast_head":"\nKIBRIS SORUNU: KIBRIS BARI\u015e 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